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The data dictionary contains metadata about your database. The data dictionary tables and the views based on them are called static, because the running database instance doesn t modify data in these tables and views. The tables and views are modified only if you make a change to the data dictionary itself; for example, by creating a table or a new user. No matter whether you manage the database manually or use sophisticated GUI-based management tools, the data dictionary (along with the dynamic performance tables) is the source for all information about the database. Because there are hundreds of data dictionary views, I can t cover every one of them in this chapter, but you ll look into how you can use the important views to manage your database. For convenience, I divide the key data dictionary views into the following categories: General views User management related views Audit-related views Storage-related views Views for monitoring transactions Constraint- and index-related views Views for managing database objects (such as sequences and synonyms)

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Views for managing tables and views AWR-related, ADDM-related, and alerts-related views Views relating to the advisory framework The following sections cover the most important data dictionary views of Oracle Database 10g. You ll first examine the structure of each of these views, and then you ll see how you can query them to find out useful things about the various aspects of the database.

A collection of general dictionary views provides information about the global name and instance parameters. For example, the GLOBAL_NAME view shows the global name of the database. The DBA_CATALOG view contains the names of all tables, views, synonyms, and sequences in the database. The following sections cover some of the more useful general data dictionary views.

Dict is short for dictionary, and it s a view that has all the dictionary table names and their descriptions. Because Dict includes the USER-, ALL-, and DBA-prefixed tables, it includes more than 1,800 tables. However, if you ever forget the name of a data dictionary view, you can use Dict to find out the view s name. The following code shows the results of a query using the Dict view: SQL> SELECT * FROM dict WHERE table_name LIKE '%LINKS%' TABLE_NAME COMMENTS -------------------------------------------------------------------ALL_DB_LINKS Database links accessible to the user DBA_DB_LINKS All database links in the database USER_DB_LINKS Database links owned by the user SQL> If you ever aren t sure of the name of a certain data dictionary view, just use the DICT view to query for the name, as shown in the preceding example.

The PRODUCT_COMPONENT_VERSION view shows you at a glance the version numbers of all the major components of your Oracle database. Following is a typical query on this view: SQL> SELECT * FROM PRODUCT_COMPONENT_VERSION; PRODUCT VERSION STATUS -----------------------------------------------------------NLSRTL 10.2.0.0.0 Beta Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition 10.2.0.0.0 Beta PL/SQL 10.2.0.0.0 Beta TNS for Linux: 10.2.0.0.0 Beta SQL>

The DBA_REGISTRY view provides information about the different Oracle components that are installed, along with their version number, schemas, and other details. Listing 23-1 shows the contents of the DBA_REGISTRY view.

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Listing 23-1. Querying the DBA_REGISTRY View SQL> 2 3 4 5 SELECT comp_id, comp_name, version, status FROM DBA_REGISTRY ; VERSION ---------10.2.0.0.0 10.2.0.0.0 10.2.0.0.0 10.2.0.0.0 10.2.0.0.0 10.2.0.0.0 10.2.0.0.0 10.2.0.0.0 10.2.0.0.0 10.2.0.0.0 10.2.0.0.0 10.2.0.0.0 10.2.0.0.0 10.2.0.0.0 10.2.0.0.0 10.2.0.0.0 10.2.0.0.0 10.1.0.2.0 STATUS ------VALID VALID VALID VALID VALID VALID VALID VALID VALID VALID VALID VALID VALID VALID VALID VALID VALID VALID

COMP_ID COMP_NAME ---------- ---------------------------------CATALOG Oracle Database Catalog Views CATPROC Oracle Database Packages and Types OWM Oracle Workspace Manager JAVAVM JServer JAVA Virtual XML Oracle XDK CATJAVA Oracle Database Java Packages EXF Oracle Expression Filter ORDIM Oracle interMedia ODM Oracle Data Mining CONTEXT Oracle Text XDB Oracle XML Database RUL Oracle Rules Manager OLAP Analytic Workspace XOQ Oracle OLAP API AMD OLAP Catalog SDO Spatial WK Oracle Ultra Search EM Oracle Enterprise Manager 18 rows selected. SQL>

The NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS dictionary view shows you the database settings of the various NLS parameters, such as NLS_DATE_FORMAT. The related NLS_INSTANCE_PARAMETERS and NLS_SESSION_PARAMETERS views are identical to the NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS view, but they show the instance-level and session-level NLS values. Listing 23-2 shows an abbreviated output of a query on the NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS view. Listing 23-2. Querying the NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS View SQL> SELECT * FROM NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS; PARAMETER -----------------------------NLS_LANGUAGE NLS_TERRITORY NLS_CURRENCY NLS_ISO_CURRENCY NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS NLS_CHARACTERSET NLS_CALENDAR NLS_DATE_FORMAT NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE NLS_SORT NLS_TIME_FORMAT VALUE ----------------------------AMERICAN AMERICA $ AMERICA ., WE8MSWIN1252 GREGORIAN DD-MON-RR AMERICAN BINARY HH.MI.SSXFF AM

NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT NLS_TIME_TZ_FORMAT NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY NLS_COMP NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS NLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCP NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET NLS_RDBMS_VERSION 20 rows selected. SQL>